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Special Education
Students With Intellectual Disabilities
A Resource Guide for Teachers
In addition to the many things that teachers already do to foster a positive classroom environment, you might find some of these ideas helpful.;
To create a positive classroom environment:
- build a strong, supportive social environment in your classroom.
- set expectations for the student with special needs that are similar to those for all of the other students in your classroom (social, emotional and behavioural).
- discipline the student with special needs when necessary.
- create a support system for the student at recess and lunch times, and for extracurricular activities (e.g., buddy system).
- provide all students with opportunities for making choices throughout the day (e.g., games, group tasks, centre activities).
- provide for circle times or regular class meetings so students can talk about feelings, concerns, ideas, successes.
- involve all students in problem solving.
- pair students for some jobs so that assistance is available if needed.
- find a role for all students in the class regardless of disabilities (e.g., a student who is unable to run a race could be timekeeper).
- communicate positive attitudes towards students with disabilities through your own interactions, comments and behaviour.
- recognize the successes of the student with disabilities as a contributing member of the class.
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Give yourself, your class and the student with special needs time to get to know each other.
- Allow yourself time to get to know the student.
- Observe and familiarize yourself with the student's needs in your classroom and other environments.
- Use the time to see how the student fits into your style and routines.
- Structure opportunities for you and the class to gain some knowledge about the student's strengths, interests and needs.
Be proactive in preventing and/or responding to teasing.
- Encourage classmates to clearly tell a student if there is a behaviour they don't like, rather than teasing about it. For example, suggest the classmate explain, "I don't like it when you bang the table," rather than laughing and pointing.
- Intercede on behalf of the student with intellectual disabilities to stop any teasing, then teach the student appropriate response strategies.
Use cooperative groupings.
- Identify roles within the small group, as appropriate for each student's abilities.
- Plan tasks to be done by the student with intellectual disabilities so they are important to the final outcome.
- Design evaluation of cooperative group projects so they reflect each person's individual contribution.
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