Grade 11 - Design Process

PRESCRIBED LEARNING OUTCOMES

• recognize, describe, and apply design elements and principles
  
• create and critique design solutions
• utilize design and problem-solving processes to communicate ideas and develop solutions
  
• describe aesthetic and functional factors that influence design
  
• complete a design project from design brief to the presentation of a solution
  
• develop and maintain a design portfolio
  
• describe how product and system designs are influenced by specified criteria
  
  

SUGGESTED INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

• Use a variety of products and structures to illustrate each of the design elements and principles. Then challenge students to identify these elements and principles in another set of images or objects.
  
• Provide each student with three pieces of 297 mm x 420 mm cardboard. Challenge them to design three different holders that can each display and store a minimum of ten CDs and that apply one or more of the design elements. Have students present their models for review by classmates, who are to critique the models, identify the design elements used, and suggest design improvements. Finally, have students respond to peer reviews by producing a single model that incorporates suggested improvements.
  
• Organize the class into working groups. Present each group with the following design brief: "Design a supported horizontal work surface suitable for living room activities and requiring a maximum of 1200 mm x 1200 mm x 13 mm composite building material. The design solution must include intersecting planar surfaces of no less than 800 cm2." Have each student in the group prepare preliminary concept sketches of various ideas, then use Bristol board or recycled boxes to produce a 1/5 scale model. Working as a group, students should prepare another model incorporating the 'best of' the designs. Conduct a class critique of these designs and then have the groups use the input to construct a single, full-size mock-up from 1200 mm x 1200 mm x 6 mm corrugated cardboard.
  
• Have students use 2D graphical, 3D modelling techniques, and technical visualization as part of a design process.
  
  

SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES

• As students present their work (to the class, in a brief conference), note the extent to which they are able to communicate their thinking and describe some of the processes used.
  
• Have students participate in establishing the criteria that will be used to assess their participation in the design process. Appropriate criteria might include consideration of the extent to which they have:
  • identified and established appropriate parameters for their projects (e.g., materials restrictions, budgetary restrictions, intended end use)
    
  • proposed a variety of alternative design solutions
    
  • related their design solutions to project parameters
  • refined their ideas
    
  • carefully documented all stages of their development process
    
  • presented ideas and plans in a clear and organized fashion
    
  • provided appropriate detail in relation to drawings.
    
• As students critique each other's designs, have them focus on and note the extent to which form and function have been addressed. Criteria could include:
  
  • economical use of materials
    
  • production costs
    
  • suitability for the intended purpose
    
  • evidence of care and attention to detail.

  It is important that all peer assessment comments (critiques) be constructive, positive, considerate, and pertinent.
  
  

RECOMMENDED LEARNING RESOURCES

 Print Materials

• Architecture: Drafting and Design
  
• Architecture: Residential Drawing and Design
  
• Basic Technical Drawing
  
• British Columbia Building Code
  
• Canadian Wood-Frame House Construction
  
• Design Drawing
  
• Digital Character Animation 2, Vol. 1
  
• Exploring Drafting
  
• Freehand Sketching for Engineering Design
  
• Getting Started with 3D
  
• National Housing Code of Canada
  
• Robin Williams Design Workshop

 Software

• 3ds max 4.0
  
• 3D Studio Viz
  
• Adobe Photoshop 6.0
  
• Adobe Premiere 6.0
  
• Artolantis
  
• AutoCAD 2000i
• AutoCAD LT 2000i
  
• Autodesk Inventor 4
  
• Chief Architect V7.0
  
• EZ-Builder
  
• Ezedia MX
  
• RenderWorks
  
• Rhinoceros NURBS Modeling Software
  
• SolidBuilder Q1 2001
  
• Solid Edge
  
• VectorWorks

 CD-ROM

• Architectural Graphic Standards
  (also available in print)
  
• CADDEX AutoCAD R2000 Resource Library
  

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