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construct specific lengths (mm)
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Look at the line segment shown. Estimate if it is more or less than 100 mm long. Add to, or subtract from, the line segment to make it 100 mm long. Explain what helps you make your estimate.
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select the most appropriate standard unit (mm, cm, m, km) to measure length
describe the relationships among mm, cm, m, and km
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Measure a variety of items in the room. Make a list and record the measurements without the unit of measure. Exchange papers with a friend who must complete the list by supplying the units. For example:
- My pencil is 170 ______ long.
- My book is 0.8 ______ thick.
Prepare a second list, changing the unit of measure and leaving out the decimal point. For example, measure the pencil in millimetres. Then, write: "My pencil is 172 cm long." The friend must decide where to place the decimal point.
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estimate, measure, record, compare, and order objects by length, height, perimeter, and circumference using standard units (mm, cm, m, km)
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Choose five different empty cans. Include pop, soup, juice, and potato chip cans, if possible. Estimate each can's height and circumference in centimetres. Decide which will be greater: the can's height or its distance around. Record all your estimates, then measure the cans.
- How close were your estimated lengths?
- Were your predictions correct about height compared to circumference?
Order the cans from largest to smallest for height and circumference.
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estimate, measure, record, compare, and order shapes by area using standard units (cm2, m2)
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Trace your hand, your shoe, a two- or five-dollar bill, a CD jacket, a telephone book cover, and a computer disk. Estimate the area of each in square centimetres. Order your estimates.
Use a sheet of clear acetate centimetre grid or a measuring tape to determine the area of each object. Compare your estimates and your order to your measurements. Tell how successful you are at estimating area.
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construct a number of shapes given a specific area (cm2)
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What are the dimensions of all the rectangles that can be constructed having an area of 24 cm2? Use grid paper to record each rectangle.
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select the most appropriate standard unit to measure area
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Name two things whose area is best described in square centimetres and two things whose area is best described in square metres. Explain why.
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relate the number of units needed to the size of the units to measure the area of an object
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Murray says: "The larger the unit, the more of them you need to measure the area of a surface. So the smaller the unit, the fewer you need." Use drawings or examples to prove or disprove Murray's conclusion.
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estimate, measure, record, compare, and order the capacity of containers using standard units (mL, L)
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The following plastic containers have elastic bands placed at different heights: a 1 L drink bottle, a cooking oil bottle, a 2 L drink bottle, and a vinegar bottle. Estimate the number of millilitres needed to fill each container up to the elastic band. Order your estimates. Find containers like the ones shown and measure to check your predictions.
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relate the number of units needed to the size of the units to measure the mass of an object
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[No example for this prescribed learning outcome.]
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describe the relationship between grams and kilograms
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There are three objects. Their weights are: 1950 g, 2020 g, and 1590 g. Which object is closest to 2 kg? Explain your reasoning.
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solve problems involving mass using grams and kilograms
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Grade A large eggs weigh 56 g to 63 g each. An empty egg carton weighs about 50 g. Denny says he's holding about 3 kg of large eggs. Explain how to find the number of full cartons of eggs Denny must be holding.
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relate years, decades, centuries, and millenniums
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Jill's great-grandmother was born in the first decade of the 20th century. What might have been her year of birth? Explain.
The year 2001 will begin the third millennium. Will you be living by the first year of the fourth millennium? Why or why not?
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read and write time on a 24-hour clock
read and write time using a.m. and p.m.
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Observe or research the following times. Record each time to the nearest five minutes, using numbers and symbols:
- sunrise and sunset today
- moonrise and moonset today
- the arrival and departure of a boat, ferry, plane, bus, or train in your community
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estimate, count, and record collections of coins and bills up to $100
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Estimate the number of each kind of coin in a cup filled with pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters, and loonies. Count them, then record the total value. How would knowing the value of the coins in one cupful help you estimate the total value of a jar full of coins? A piggy bank full? Explain.
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make purchases and change up to $100
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Kenryu paid for an item with two twenty-dollar bills. His change was $8.32. What did the item cost? What coins and bills did Kenryu likely receive as change? Count back Kenryu's change, beginning with the cost of his purchase.
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Shape and Space (Measurement)
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