Math K-7 IRP Number ( Number Operators)

Students demonstrate an understanding of and proficiency with calculations. They decide which arithmetic operation or operations can be used to solve a problem and then solve the problem.

It is expected that students will:

Grades K to 1 Grades 2 to 3 Grade 4
Demonstrate and use a variety of methods to show the processes of addition and subtraction on one-digit whole numbers

Use a variety of strategies to apply a basic operation (+, -, x, ÷) to whole numbers and use these operations in solving problems

Apply arithmetic operations on whole numbers and illustrate their use in solving problems



  • demonstrate and orally describe the process of addition and subtraction to 18 using role-play, manipulatives, and diagrams (memorization is not intended)


  • demonstrate and describe the processes of addition and subtraction of whole numbers up to 1000 with and without regrouping, using manipulatives, diagrams, and symbols

  • explore and demonstrate the processes of multiplication and division up to 50, using manipulatives, diagrams, and symbols

  • recall addition and subtraction facts up to 18 and multiplication facts up to 25


Choose, use, and defend the appropriate calculation strategy or technology to solve problems
  • calculate and justify the methods they used to find sums, differences, products, and quotients using estimation strategies, mental math techniques, manipulatives, algorithms, and calculators

  • verify their solutions to problems by using inverse operations, estimation, and calculators


  • demonstrate and describe the process of addition and subtraction of numbers up to 10 000, using manipulatives, diagrams, and symbols

  • demonstrate the process of multiplication (three-digit by one-digit numbers), using manipulatives, diagrams, and symbols

  • demonstrate the process of division (two-digit by one-digit numbers), using manipulatives, diagrams, and symbols

  • recall multiplication and division facts up to 81

  • justify their choice of method for multiplication and division (using estimation, calculators, mental mathematics, manipulatives, algorithms)

  • verify solutions to multiplication and division problems by using estimation and calculators

  • verify solutions to multiplication and division problems by using the inverse operation


Demonstrate an understanding of the addition and subtraction of decimal fractions
  • demonstrate an understanding of the addition and subtraction of decimal fractions (tenths and hundredths) by using concrete and pictorial representations


It is expected that students will:

Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7
Apply arithmetic operations on whole numbers and decimal fractions and illustrate the use of decimal fractions in solving problems

Apply arithmetic operations on whole numbers and decimal fractions in solving problems

 Apply arithmetic operations on decimal fractions and integers and illustrate their use in solving problems



  • add and subtract decimal fractions to hundredths concretely, pictorially, and symbolically

  • estimate, mentally calculate, or compute and verify the product (three-digit by two-digit numbers) and quotient (three-digit by one-digit numbers) of the multiplication and division of whole numbers

  • multiply and divide decimal fractions to hundredths concretely, pictorially, and symbolically using one-digit, whole number multipliers and divisors


  • estimate the solutions to calculations involving whole numbers and decimal fractions


  • use patterns, manipulatives, and diagrams to demonstrate the concepts of multiplication and division by decimal fractions

  • use estimation strategies to predict or assess the reasonableness of their calculations

  • add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimal fractions (using technology for more than two-digit divisors or multipliers)

  • demonstrate an understanding of the order of operations, using paper and pencil and a calculator

  • add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers concretely, pictorially, and symbolically


Illustrate the use of ratios, rates, percentages, and decimal numbers in solving problems
  • estimate and calculate percentages

  • distinguish between rate and ratio

  • explain and demonstrate the use of proportion in solving problems

  • mentally convert proper fractions, decimal fractions, and percentages from one to another to facilitate the solution of problems
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Maintained by: Mathematics Coordinator

Revised: October 20, 1997

  BC Ministry of Education